A new flavonoid glycoside from Epimedium sagittatum / 药学学报

Fourteen flavonoids were isolated and purified from Epimedium sagittatum by various chromatography techniques such as macroporous adsorbent resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, HW-40C and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data, and determined as 3′-hydroxy-baohuoside-Ⅱ (1), huazhongilexone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (3), baohuoside-Ⅱ (4), icariside-Ⅱ (5), kaempferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), (+)-aromadendrin (7), kaempferol 3-O-(2-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8), sagittatoside A (9), 2″-O-rhamnosyl icariside-II (10), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (11), quercetin 3-O-β-D-apiofuranoyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (12), kaempferol (13), icariin (14). Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, while compounds 2, 6-8, 11, and 12 were isolated from E.sagittatum for the first time.

Chemical constituents from pericarps of Aquilaria yunnanensis / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the chemical constituents from the pericarps of Aquilaria yunnanensis. Methods: The chemical constituents were separated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of isolated compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data. Results: Thirteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate layer of 95% EtOH extract of the pericarps of A. yunnanensis, and identified as trans-linalool-3,6-oxide-7-O-β-D-(6'-O-acetyl)-glucoside (1), phenethyl-8-O-β-D-(6'-O-acetyl)-glucoside (2), mangiferin (3), iriflophenone-3,5-C-β-D-diglucoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (5), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (6), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D- glucoside (7), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-(6″-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucoside (8), geraniol-1-O-β-D-glucoside (9), 3-[2-formyl-5- (hydroxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] pentanedioic acid (10), cannabisin D (11), icariside D2 (12), and coniferin (13). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound and compound 2 is a new natural product. Compounds 7, 9-13 were obtained from the Aquilaria genus for the first time. All compounds were firstly isolated from A. yunnanensis.

A new norsesquiterpene glycoside from fruits of Actinidia arguta / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents in the fruits of Actinidia arguta. Methods: The compounds were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20, preparative TLC, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were established by the analyses of the spectroscopic data. Results: Fifteen compounds were obtained from the n-BuOH fraction of the 75% ethanol extract of the fruits of A. arguta and identified as (2R,6R,9R)-trihydroxy-megastigmane-4,7E-dien-3-one-9-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (1), (6S,9R)-roseoside (2), quercetin-3-O-b-D-galactopyranside (3), astragalin (4), vanillic acid-4-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (5), 1-O-feruloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), ferulic acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), rhodioloside (8), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3- methoxyphenyl) propan-1-one (9), 5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid methyl ester (10), 5-O-caffeoyl quinic acid butyl ester (11), 5-O-feruloyl quinic acid methyl ester (12), 5-O-coumaroyl quinic acid methyl ester (13), caffeic acid (14), and protocatechuic acid (15). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new norsesquiterpene glycoside with the megastigmane scaffold, named actinargutaside A. Compounds 2, 5, and 7-13 are isolated from the Actinidia genus for the first time and compound 6 is firstly isolated from A. arguta.

A new prenylated flavonoid glycoside from Sinopodophyllum hexandrum / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from Sinopodophyllum hexandrum and their antitumor activities. Methods: The constituents were separated by chromatography of silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH20 and pre-TLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic means. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of the isolated compounds were studied by MTT method. Results: Nine compounds were isolated and identified as 8,2'-diprenylquercetin 3-methyl ether-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (1), 8,2'-diprenyl quercetin-3- methylether (2), 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-3-methoxy flavone (3), 8-prenylkaempferol (4), sophoflavescenol (5), podoverine A (6), sinoflavonoid K (7), diosmetin (8) and acacetin (9). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound named sinoflavonoid glycosides A, and compounds 5-9 are isolated from S. hexandrum for the first time. Compounds 1-5 show cytotoxicities against HeLa cells with IC50 of 42.6, 46.9, 26.9, 16.1 and 31.2 μmol/L, respectively.

Antioxidation Activities in Vitro of Vicenin Ⅱ Isolated from Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis and Effect on HepG2 Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To study the antioxidation activities in vitro of a comment flavonoid component named vicenin Ⅱ(Apigenin 6,8-di-C-glucoside) in Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis from different origin places and investigate its effects on apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Method: The antioxidation activities in vitro of vicenin Ⅱ (0.005-1 g·L-1) were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), salicylic acid and 2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS) and copper ion reduction assays. Methye thiazolye telrazlium(MTT) assay was used to test the inhibitory effect of vicenin Ⅱ(12.5~100 μmol·L-1) on proliferation of 6 tumour cells in vitro. In subsequent apoptosis experiment, the concentration of vicenin Ⅱ was 75 μmol·L-1. The morphological changes of HepG2 cells were evaluated by Hoechst 33258 under fluorescence microscope; and the cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry with AnnexinV/PI apoptosis assay kit. The mRNA expressions of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway related apoptotic genes were detected by Real-time PCR assay. Result: The 1 g·L-1 vicenin Ⅱ showed 48.82% and 22.01% for DPPH scavenging rate and Cu2+ reduction rate respectively(P-1 vicenin Ⅱ showed 86.88% for ABTS scavenging rate(P-1 Vicenin Ⅱ, the cells survival rate was 45.69%(PPN-terminal kinase (JNK), and nuclear transcription factor (NF)-κB were increased(PConclusion: The general flavone glycosides component vicenin Ⅱ of Dendrobii Officinalis Caulis from different origins has a certain antioxidation effect and significant inhibitory effect on proliferation, and could induce apoptosis on HepG2 cells probably by regulating the expression of related genes in MAPK pathway and Bax/Bcl-2.

Isolation and Identification of Main Flavonoid Glycosides of Dendrobium officinale from Danxia Species and Yunnan Guangnan Species / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To extract,isolate,purify and identify the structures of the flavonoid glycoside in Dendrobium officinale from two different origin places (Danxia species and Yunnan Guangnan species),and provide experimental reference for confirming the common flavonoid glycoside components in D. officinale. Method: ① 70% ethanol was applied to extract the total flavonoids in leaves of D. officinale from two different species. Organic solvents petroleum ether,acetic ether and water saturated n-butyl alcohol were used in turn to extract the crude extraction. Then AB-8 Macroporous resin,Sephadex LH-20 and ODS chromatographic column were applied to isolate and purify the water saturated n-butyl alcohol extraction fraction. The structures of flavonoid glycoside were identified by studying physicochemical property,applying modern spectroscopy method like HPLC,ESI-MSn,1H-NMR,13 C-NMR,etc. ② HPLC characteristic spectrum technique was used to analyse and compare the common flavonoid glycoside components in Dendrobium officinale from different origin places (Danxia species,Yunnan Guangnan species,Guangxi Tiepilan species and Zhejiang native species). Result: Five flavonoid glycoside compounds were isolated from the crude extractions of the leaves of D. officinale from two different species,and they were identified as rutin,vicenin Ⅱ,viceninⅠ,violanthin and isoviolanthin. The characteristic spectrum of vicenin Ⅱ and viceninⅠwere detected in stems of D. officinale from four different origin places (Danxia species,Yunnan Guangnan species,Guangxi Tiepilan species and Zhejiang native species),and vicenin Ⅱ had a better separation degree in the characteristic spectrum. However,the characteristic spectrum of violanthin and isoviolanthin were more obvious in Yunnan Guangnan species and Guangxi Tiepilan species,while rutin was obvious in the Danxia species. Conclusion: Vicenin Ⅱis the common flavonoid glycosides component in D. officinale from different origin places (Danxia species,Yunnan Guangnan species,Guangxi Tiepilan species and Zhejiang native species),and can be used as the internal reference material for the characteristic spectrum of D. officinale.

Determination of flavonoids constituents in epimedium total flavone capsule and research on its anti-osteoporosis activity / 中国中药杂志

To develop a rapid resolution liquid chromatography (RRLC) method for the simultaneous determination of epimedoside A, epimedin A1, epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, baohuosideⅡ, icarisideⅠ, sagittatoside B, 2"--rhamnosyl icarisideⅡ, and baohuosideⅠin epimedium total flavone capsule. At the same time, the effects of the above 11 compounds on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated by detecting the content of alkaline phosphatase (AKP). The results showed that baohuoside Ⅱ had the highest activities, and both the activities of baohuoside Ⅱ and icariside Ⅰ were stronger than those of icariin.In this study, the content determination method of flavonoid glycosides was established, and the anti-osteoporosis effect of monomers was compared, providing technical support for the study of the pharmacodynamic and mechanism of Epimedium total flavone capsule.

Study of Inhibitory Effect of Polyphenols from Fragaria ananassa on Fat Accumulation in Rat White Adipocyte / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

On the study of polyphenols from Fragaria ananassa fruit, we reported that some polyphenols showed inhibition of metabolic enzyme, cytochrome P450. Continuous study of health effects of F. ananassa fruit, we isolated a new quercetin glycoside, flagarin, quercetin-3-O- β-glucuronyl- (2→1)- β-D-xyloside along with ten known compounds. Those compounds showed inhibitory activity of fat accumulation in rat white adipocyte. Among the isolated compounds, strictinin and the new compound, flagarin showed high inhibitory activity of fat accumulation in rat white adipocyte.

Flavonoid Glycosides from Aerial Part of Urena lobata / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To study the flavonoid glycosides of Urena lobata. METHODS: Compounds were isolated and purified using various column chromatographies such as D101 macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and prep HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of their physicochemical properties and various spectroscopic experiments, including HRESIMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HSQC, and HMBC. RESULTS: Ten flavonoid glycosides were obtained from the n-BuOH extract of U. lobata including quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactopyranoside(1), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(2), quercetin-3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(3), kaempferol-4'-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(4), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(5), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside(6), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(8), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside(9) and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside(10). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-3 and 6-10 are firstly obtained from U. lobata.

Antioxidant, DNA damage protective, neuroprotective, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of a flavonoid glycoside from leaves of Garcinia gracilis

Abstract The leaves of Garcinia gracilis Pierre, Clusiaceae, have been used as flavouring materials in food, with no previous reports of their biological activities and chemical constituents. In this study, the methanolic extract of G. gracilis afforded three compounds namely apigenin-8-C-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde, and vanillic acid. All of the isolates were initially evaluated for superoxide anion radical scavenging activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects. Compound 1, which was the major component, showed the most potent activities among these three isolates. Further biological evaluations revealed that compound 1 could prevent the pBR322 plasmid DNA damage induced by the photochemical reaction of riboflavin and protect P19-derived neurons from the oxidative stress condition induced by serum deprivation. It was concluded that the potent biological activities of G. gracilis could be attributed to the synergistic effect of compound 1 with other constituents found in the plant.

Simultaneous determination of 4 prenylflavonoids of Chuankezhi injection in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS / 药学学报

A quantitative method for epimedin A, B, C and icariin in rat plasma was established using LC-MS/MS after intermuscular administration of Chuankezhi injection to rat. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 5.0 μm) at 40℃. Mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile -0.1% formic acid in water (35:65), and the flow rate was 0.22 mL·min-1. The LC effluent was detected and analyzed using an ESI-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer under the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in the negative ion mode. The plasma samples were treated with solid phase extraction prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. As a result, all of the four analytes displayed a good linearity over the concentration of 1-1000 ng·mL-1. The RSDs of intra-day and inter-day assays were less than 5.99% and 10.16%, respectively. The relative recovery of each analyte was between 88.1%-101.1% with RSD<7.9% and the absolute recovery was between 72.0%-86.6% (RSD<6.3%). In conclusion, the established method shows good specificity, sensitivity and efficiency for quantifying the four flavonoid glycosides contained in rat plasma.

Flavonoid glycoside compounds from roots of Arctium lappa and structure-activity relationship of anti-oxidantion / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the flavonoid glycoside compounds from the roots of Arctium lappa and their structure-activity relationship (SAR) of anti-oxidantion. Methods: The compounds were isolated by column chromatography over silica gel, RP-C18, Sephadex LH-20, and PHPLC. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and their anti-oxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Results: Eight flavonoid glycoside compounds were isolated from 55% ethanol extract in the roots of A. lappa, which were identified as nairutin (1), hesperidin (2), icariin (3), ononin (4), isoononin (5), neoliquiritin (6), neoisoliquiritin (7), and liquiritin (8). The anti-oxidant activities of these compounds were tested by three different methods (DPPH, ABTS, and FPAR), and their SAR were further analyzed. Conclusion: Compound 3 is isolated from the roots of A. lappa for the first time, all others were from the plants of Arctium L. for the first time; Compounds 1 and 8 have shown the strongest anti-oxidant activity; The -OH on C-3' and -OCH3 on C-4' in the B ring in regard to the anti-oxidant activity of these compounds by participating in electron delocalization and hydrogen bonding.

Study on flavonoids from Nicandra physaloides and their immune activities / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the flavonoids from the fruits of Nicandra physaloides and clarify the immune activities of the isolated compounds. Methods: The separations and purifications were taken by silica gel and ODS chromatogram columns as well as preparative HPLC, and the structural identification based on physicochemical property, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR as well as HR-MS data. And the immune activities were evaluated by mice splenic lymphocyte proliferation model induced by LPS. Results: Thirteen compounds were obtained from the butanol fraction of the 70% ethanol extract of N. physaloides fruits, which were identified as 3''-hydroxy-puerarin (1), puerarin-6″-O-glucoside (2), daidzein 8-C-[α-D-apiofranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), puerarin (4), 3''-methoxyl-puerarin (5), chrysin 6-C-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), oroxylin A-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (7), daidzin (8), baicalin (9), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (10), quercetin 3-rutinoside (11), kaempferol 3-rutinoside (12), and quercetin 3-glucoside (13), respectively. The results indicated that compounds 1-3, 7, 9-10, and 12-13 could inhibit the proliferation of mice spleen lymphocytes and 6 could promote the proliferation in the influence of mice spleen lymphocytes proliferation induced by LPS. Conclusion: Compounds 1-7 are isolated from the plants of Solanaceae for the first time, compounds 8-13 are obtained from the plants of Nicandra Adans. firstly. And the compounds 1-3, 6, 7, 9-10, and 12-13 possibly possess the potential immune activities.

Study on the Chemical Compositions of N-butanol Extract from Solanum lyratum / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the chemical compositions of n-butabol extract from Solanum lyratum. METHODS:Glucan LH-20 column chromatography,silica gel column chromatography and TLC were adopted to separate and purity the chemical com-positions,physicochemical property and spectral evidence to identify their structures. RESULTS:Totally 10 chemical compositions were separated from n-butabol extract,namely apigenin-7-O-β-D-apiofuanosyl(1→2)-β-D-glucose (1),apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucose (2),adenosine(3),3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-[(8′S)-3′-methoxy-4′-hydroxyl-phenyl-alcohol]-E-cinnamic-phenylpropyl alcohol-4-O-β-D-glucoside (4),N-(4-amino-butyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-E-acrylamide (5),N-(4-amino-butyl)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-me-thoxy-phenyl)-Z-acrylamide (6),resveratrol (7),naringenin (8),quercetin (9) and dioscin (10). CONCLUSIONS:Compound 1-8 are first separated from S. lyratum,the study can lay a foundation for quality evaluation of S. Lyratum.

Flavonoid glycosides from callus cultures of Dysosma versipellis / 中国中药杂志

Various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, preparative thin-layer chromatography, and preparative HPLC, were employed to isolate the chemical constituents from callus cultures of Dysosma versipellis. Structures of the compounds were elucidated based on UV, IR, MS and NMR spectroscopic data analysis. Totally, seven flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the callus cultures and identified as kaempferol-3-O-[6″-(3″'-methoxy)-malonyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside(1), kaempferol-3-O-(6″-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(2), kaempferide-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4), isoquercitrin(5), quercetin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6) and kaempferol-3-(6″-malonyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), respectively.All these compounds were isolated from callus cultures of D. versipellis for the first time.Compounds 1, 2, 3, 6 and 7 were firstly obtained from plant materials of D. versipellis, and compound 1 was a new compound.

Validación de una metodología por HPLC para cuantificar quercetina total en extractos de Calendula officinalis / Validation of an HPLC method for quantification of total quercetin in Calendula officinalis extracts

Introducción: los extractos de Calendula officinalis se utilizan como materia prima natural en diversidad de preparaciones farmacéuticas y cosméticas, sin embargo, no existen métodos oficiales para el control de calidad de dichos extractos. Objetivo: se validó una metodología analítica por HPLC para la cuantificación de quercetina total en extractos glicólicos e hidroalcohólicos de Calendula officinalis. Métodos: para cuantificar el contenido de quercetina total en las matrices, fue necesario hidrolizar los flavonoides glicósidos en condiciones óptimas. La separación cromatográfica se realizó en una columna SiliaChrom C-18 5 µm 4.6x150 mm, adaptada a una precolumna SiliaChrom C-18 5 µm 4.6x10 mm, con un sistema de detección UV a 370 nm. El sistema de elución fue en gradiente, donde la fase móvil se compuso de Metanol (MeOH) y ácido fosfórico (H3PO4) (0.08 por ciento p/v), la cuantificación se efectuó con el método de estándar externo y comparación con un estándar de quercetina de referencia. Resultados: la selectividad de la metodología frente los componentes del extracto y a los productos de degradación en condiciones de hidrólisis ácida - básica, oxidación y exposición a la luz, mostró que no hay señales que interfieran con la cuantificación de la quercetina. Se comprobó estadísticamente que el método es lineal entre 1,0 y 5,0 µg / mL. La precisión intermedia expresada como coeficiente de variación fue de 1,8 y 1,74 por ciento y el porciento de recuperación fue de 102.15 y 101.32 por ciento, para los extractos glicólico e hidroalcohólico, respectivamente. Conclusiones: la metodología propuesta cumple con los parámetros de calidad requeridos para la cuantificación de quercetina total, lo cual la convierte en una herramienta útil para el control de calidad de extractos glicólicos e hidroalcohólicos de C. officinalis(AU)

Introduction: calendula officinalis extracts are used as natural raw material in a wide range of pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations; however, there are no official methods for quality control of these extracts. Objective: to validate an HPLC-based analytical method for quantification total quercetin in glycolic and hydroalcoholic extracts of Calendula officinalis. Methods: to quantify total quercetin content in the matrices, it was necessary to hydrolyze flavonoid glycosides under optimal conditions. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C-18 SiliaChrom 4.6x150 mm 5 µm column, adapted to a SiliaChrom 5 um C-18 4.6x10 mm precolumn, with UV detection at 370 nm. The gradient elution was performed with a mobile phase consisting of methanol (MeOH) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) (0.08 percent w/v). The quantification was performed through the external standard method and comparison with quercetin reference standard. Results: the studied method selectivity against extract components and degradation products under acid/basic hydrolysis, oxidation and light exposure conditions showed no signals that interfere with the quercetin quantification. It was statistically proved that the method is linear from 1.0 to 5.0 mg/mL. Intermediate precision expressed as a variation coefficient was 1.8 and 1.74 percent and the recovery percentage was 102.15 and 101.32 percent, for glycolic and hydroalcoholic extracts, respectively. Conclusions: the suggested methodology meets the quality parameters required for quantifying total quercetin, which makes it a useful tool for quality control of C. officinalis extracts(AU)

A new flavonoid glycoside from leaves of Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the flavonoid glycosides from the leaves of Vitex negundo var. cannabifolia. Methods: Column chromatography including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and ODS was used to separate and purify the chemical constituents, and their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties, MS, and NMR spectroscopic data. Results: Seven flavonoid glycosides were obtained from the ethyl acetate layer of 95% EtOH extract of the leaves of V. negundo var. cannabifolia, and identified as luteolin-4'-O-(6″-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucoside (1), luteolin-7-O-(6″-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-glucoside (2), luteolin-6-C-(6″-O-trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucoside (3), luteolin-6-C-(2″-O-trans-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucoside (4), perfoliatumin A (5), isovitexin (6), and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (7). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound named cannabifolin G; Compounds 2-4 and 7 are obtained from this plant for the first time; Compound 5 is firstly isolated from the plants in Vitex L.

Best harvesting time of Ginkgo Folium from Guilin / 中草药

Objective: There are abundant Chinese medicinal herb resources in Guangxi province. Especially, there are lots of Ginkgo Folium in the north. To detect the contents of the total flavonoid glycoside and lactone in Ginkgo Folium and to find out their best concentration ratio during the year. Methods: The reflux method was used for the distillation of the total flavonoid glycoside and lactone in Ginkgo Folium and HPLC was used for quantitative analysis. The contents of the total flavonoid glycoside and lactone in Ginkgo Folium were determined on a Ultimate XB-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) analytical column with different mobile phases and detectors. Results: The concentration ratio of the total flavonoid glycoside and lactone in Ginkgo Folium in August was the smallest and their contents were high. Conclusion: There is significant difference between total flavonoid glycoside and lactone content in Ginkgo Folium from different picking periods during the year, and the concentration ratio of the two compositions in August is the smallest with high contents, which can be used to provide the basis for guiding the farmer to collect Ginkgo Folium in August.

Study on the flavonoid glycosides from the herb of clematis connata DC / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the flavonoid glycosides in Clematis connata DC. METHODS: Colum chromatography with different materials, such as RP-18, Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel, and semi preparative high performance liquid chromatography were used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic analysis. RESULTS: Eleven flavonoid glycosides were isolated and identified as kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl methyl ester (1), isovitexin (2), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-7-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (3), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyrano-side-7-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-(4-O-acetyl) rhamnopyranoside-7-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-(2-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), genistein-7-O-β-Z)-apiofurano-syl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(7), lanceolarin(8), quercetin-3-O-β-D-(6″-n-butyl) glucuronide(9), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl methyl ester(10), and isoorientin (11). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-11 are isolated from Clematis connata DC for the first time.

Simultaneous determination of four flavonoid glycosides in Mentha haplocalyx Briq. by a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker / 中国药学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To develop a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method for simultaneous determination of four flavonoid glycosides in Mentha haplocalyx Briq. by using one reference substance. METHODS: Four main effective components (hesperidin, diosmin, didymin, and buddleoside) were selected as analytes to evaluate the quality of Mentha haplocalyx Briq.. With hesperidin as internal reference standard, the relative correction factors (RCF) of the other three components to hesperidin were calculated within certain ranges. The contents of hesperidin in the samples of Mentha haplocalyx Briq. were determined by using the external standard method, and the contents of the three other ingredients were calculated by their RCFs. The method was evaluated by comparison of the quantitative results between external standard method and QAMS method by SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the quantitative results of these two methods (RSD 0.05). The validated HPLC method had the advantages of precision, reproducibility, and reliability. CONCLUSION: The QAMS method we established is suitable and feasible for the quality control of Mentha haplocalyx Briq.